1. Zomwe zimayambitsa ukalamba wa mawaya ndi zingwe: kuwonongeka kwakunja. Malinga ndi kusanthula kwa ntchito m'zaka zaposachedwa, zolakwika zambiri za zingwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa makina. Mwachitsanzo: kukhazikitsa mawaya ndi zingwe si njira yokhazikika yomangira, ndikosavuta kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa makina; N'kosavutanso kuwononga mawaya ndi zingwe zomwe zikugwira ntchito panthawi yomanga nyumba yapakhomo pa mawaya ndi zingwe zobisika mwachindunji. Nthawi zina, ngati kuwonongeka sikuli kwakukulu, zimatenga miyezi ingapo kapena zaka kuti gawo lowonongeka liwonongeke kwathunthu ndikupanga cholakwika. Nthawi zina, kuwonongeka kumakhala kwakukulu ndipo vuto la short-circuit lingachitike, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji kupanga bwino kwa magetsi.
2. Zomwe zimayambitsa ukalamba wa mawaya ndi zingwe: kutchinjiriza konyowa. Ndikofala kwambiri ndipo kumachitika kumapeto kwa mawaya ndi zingwe zomwe zimakwiriridwa mwachindunji kapena mu ngalande. Mwachitsanzo: kulumikizana kwa zingwe sikunayenereredwe ndipo m'nyengo yozizira kuchita cholumikiziracho, kumapanga madzi olumikizirana kapena kusakaniza ndi nthunzi ya madzi, kwa nthawi yayitali pansi pa mphamvu yamagetsi kupanga nthambi zamadzi, pang'onopang'ono kuwononga mphamvu ya kutchinjiriza ya chingwe chifukwa cha cholakwika.
3. Zomwe zimayambitsa kukalamba kwa mawaya ndi zingwe: dzimbiri la mankhwala. Ngati zingwezo zakwiriridwa mwachindunji m'derali ndi mphamvu ya asidi ndi alkali, chingwe choteteza cha zingwecho chokhala ndi zingwe, lead kapena chakunja nthawi zambiri chimazimiririka. Chingwe chotetezacho chidzavutika ndi dzimbiri la mankhwala kapena dzimbiri la electrolytic kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chingwe chotetezacho chizilephera kugwira ntchito komanso kuchepetsa kutentha, zomwe zingayambitsenso kuti zingwe ndi zingwezo zizilephera kugwira ntchito. Kuzimiririka kwa zingwe m'magawo a mankhwala ndi kwakukulu kwambiri.
4. Zomwe zimayambitsa ukalamba wa waya ndi chingwe: kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso kwa nthawi yayitali. Pakugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso, chifukwa cha kutentha kwa mphamvu yamagetsi, kondakitala idzatentha kwambiri pamene mphamvu yamagetsi ikudutsa mu chingwe. Pakadali pano, mphamvu ya pakhungu ya mphamvu, kutayika kwa mphamvu yamagetsi yachitsulo ndi kutayika kwa mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi kudzapangitsanso kutentha kowonjezereka, komwe kudzawonjezera kutentha kwa waya ndi chingwe. Pakugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso kwa nthawi yayitali, kutentha kwambiri kudzathandizira kukalamba kwa mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi ndipo ngakhale mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi idzasweka. Makamaka m'chilimwe chotentha, kukwera kwa kutentha kwa chingwe nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kufooka koyamba kwa mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi, kotero m'chilimwe, zolakwika za chingwe zimakhala zofala kwambiri.
5. Zomwe zimayambitsa ukalamba wa waya ndi chingwe: kulephera kwa cholumikizira chingwe. Cholumikizira chingwe ndiye cholumikizira chofooka kwambiri pamzere wa chingwe. Vuto la cholumikizira chingwe chomwe chimachitika chifukwa cha vuto lachindunji la ogwira ntchito (kumanga koyipa) nthawi zambiri limachitika. Pakupanga cholumikizira cha waya ndi chingwe, ngati cholumikizira sichinakanidwe mwamphamvu ndipo kutentha sikukwanira, netiweki yoyambirira idzapangitsa kuti kutenthetsa kwa mutu wa chingwe kuchepe, zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi.
6. Zomwe zimayambitsa ukalamba wa mawaya ndi zingwe: chilengedwe ndi kutentha. Malo akunja ndi gwero la kutentha komwe chingwecho chili zidzapangitsanso kutentha kwa chingwe kukhala kokwera kwambiri, kusungunuka kwa insulation, komanso kuphulika ndi moto.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-05-2020